Origins of rose gold

Its origin is linked to the evolution of the jeweller’s craft and to the interest in experimenting with new alloys that would bring different nuances to the colour of gold.

It was from the 19th century that its use began to become established, especially in Eastern European countries such as Russia, where it was commonly used both in jewellery and in ornamental objects.

From there, its acceptance gradually spread to the rest of Europe and, later, internationally, until it became a fully recognised material within modern.

In this article we explain what rose gold is made of, how to assess its quality, and different gold jewellery you can find at The Red House.

What is rose gold made of?

To understand what rose gold is, it helps to start with how gold is worked in jewellery.

Although 24-carat yellow gold is a precious metal due to its high purity, in its natural state it is too soft for the making of many pieces, especially those intended for everyday wear.

For this reason, in jewellery we use carefully controlled alloying processes, with the aim of improving the metal’s strength and adapting its appearance without compromising its noble properties.

In this context, rose gold is obtained by the mixing of pure gold with copper and, in a smaller proportion, with silver. This composition strengthens the structure of the metal and, at the same time, is responsible for its distinctive pinkish tone.

The final colour of rose gold depends directly on the proportion of copper present in the alloy, the higher its content, the more intense the hue will be.

How to assess the quality of rose gold

As we mentioned earlier, rose gold does not occur naturally, as its characteristic colour is obtained through an alloy, and for this reason, there cannot be 24-carat rose gold jewellery.

Precisely for this reason, when assessing the quality of rose gold, the first aspect that must be taken into account is its caratage.

At The Red House we work exclusively with 18-carat rose gold, considered the standard of high quality in jewellery. With 75% pure gold, this alloy offers an optimum balance between quality, strength and colour stability, essential qualities in pieces designed for everyday wear.

The remaining percentage is made up mainly of copper, together with a small proportion of silver, a combination that provides the necessary hardness without compromising the jewellery’s durability or its resistance to corrosion.

Rose gold jewellery at The Red House

At The Red House Gibraltar you will find high jewellery in rose gold, ideal for different styles and occasions. Below, we present a selection of standout pieces.

Stretch Tennis Bracelet in Pink Gold with Diamonds

Subtle and elegant, the 18-carat rose gold bracelets are designed to accompany the natural movement of the wrist.

Moon-Shaped Rose Gold Earrings with Brilliant-cut Diamonds

These rose gold earrings with a curved spiral design, fully set with diamonds that provide an intense sparkle, ideal for elevating any look, day or night.

Rose Gold Necklace With Cut To Size Diamonds

Rose gold necklaces add a touch of light and elegance to the neckline, becoming key pieces in any jewellery box.

Rose Gold Double Band Ring With Pink Sapphires

This wide rose gold ring with a honeycomb-style openwork interior, with a rose gold setting and a heart-shaped diamond adds contrast and sparkle. It is an elegant and striking, ideal for adding a touch of colour to the look.

Among the pieces that stand out are the earrings, occupy an essential place for their ability to bring light, balance and personality to the face. Through different shapes, lengths and designs, each type of earring corresponds to a different way of wearing jewellery, adapting both to everyday use and to special occasions.

In this article, we will analyse 6 types of earrings.

Stud Earrings

For people looking for everyday earrings that are discreet and functional stud earrings  are the best option.

They are small pieces that sit directly on the earlobe. They are usually made up of a single precious stone set in a simple way to highlight the stone.

They are characterised by their compact structure, their lightness and their comfort.

Hoop earrings

Hoop earrings are distinguished by their circular shape, complete or partial, which surrounds the earlobe. They can feature thin or wider sections and be made in plain metal or set with precious stones, either on the front or along the entire piece.

Their design allows for a wide variety of sizes and finishes, making them easily adaptable to different styles, and allowing them to be worn in formal settings or more casual ones.

Long or drop earrings

Long or drop earrings are characterised by extending below the earlobe, either through a single continuous piece or through several suspended elements.

They may be made up of a single continuous piece or of articulated structures, which adds movement to the jewel.

In high jewellery, it is common to use stones set in line, geometric shapes or more elaborate compositions, designed to give presence.

Small hoop earrings

Small hoop earrings stand out for their comfort and discretion. They are distinguished by their small diameter and by fitting closely to the earlobe.

Their compact structure makes them especially comfortable and secure, which is why they often incorporate hinged or push-back fastenings, designed to make them easier to put on and ensure good hold.

Teardrop earrings

Teardrop earrings are characterised by their curved, elongated silhouette, inspired by the shape of a drop.

This structure can appear both in compact versions, resting on the earlobe, as well as in dangling designs, where the shape is extended, bringing greater presence and movement.

Ear cuff earrings

Ear cuff earrings allow for modern designs that do not depend exclusively on the earlobe of the ear. This type of earring is characterised by fitting to the outer edge of the ear, usually on the upper or middle part, without the need for an additional piercing.

Their design is intended to <<embrace>> the contour of the ear through an open or slightly flexible structure that allows a secure and comfortable fit.

Ear climber earrings (ear climbers)

Ear climber earrings are characterised by their elongated design that rises from the earlobe, following the natural line of the ear. Unlike other earrings, they do not hang; instead, they rest partially on the outer ear, creating a continuous visual effect.
Their structure is usually lightweight and flexible, with a fastening system that combines the fastening in the lobe with a rear support that keeps the piece in position.

In jewellery, it is common to find them with small stones set in line, geometric motifs or organic compositions that reinforce the sensation of ascent.
Thanks to their design, ear climber earrings allow for presence without the need for length.

Distributors of high jewellery and luxury Swiss watches

In our jewellery shop in Gibraltar you will discover a carefully curated selection of high-end jewellery and luxury Swiss watches. At The Red House you will be welcomed by a friendly, passionate team, always ready to advise you personally to help you find that special piece that fits your style, your tastes and your day-to-day life.

In this article by The Red House, as jewellery specialists, you will find recommendations for caring for jewellery and preventing damage over time.

Care for your jewellery in your daily routine

The best care for your jewellery starts with your daily routine, put on your jewellery only once you have finished getting ready. Perfume, cream, make-up and hairspray should always come first. Their formulae leave residues that, over time, reduce the shine, dull the metal and wear down the finishes on earrings, rings, and necklaces. When you put them on at the end, the piece stays clean, bright and true to its original appearance.

And just as important as putting them on properly is knowing when to take them off. Remove your jewellery when showering, swimming or going to the beach, and also when cleaning, doing sport, gardening and doing household chores to avoid wear, especially if you wear bracelets or rings, which suffer the most day to day.

Finally, be careful with knocks and scratches. With rings and bracelets, constant contact with surfaces and everyday movements can scratch metals (for example white gold or rose gold), so it is advisable to take extra care.

Clean your jewellery gently

Cleaning jewellery at home can be suitable if it is done with gentleness and good judgement. For many gold pieces and pieces with hard-wearing stones, lukewarm water and mild soap are usually enough, applied gently to remove everyday residues without forcing the material.

Between cleanings, soft cloths designed specifically for jewellery are an effective and safe solution, especially for maintaining the shine of the metal and removing fingerprints. After any cleaning, thorough drying is essential. Moisture retained in clasps, chains or settings encourages the build-up of residues and, over time, can affect the finish.

How often to clean jewellery

How often you should clean your jewellery depends on how you use it; if you wear it every day, a gentle clean every one or two weeks with a microfibre cloth is usually enough.

If you only wear them on special occasions, cleaning them once or twice a year is fine, as long as you store them dry, separated and in a place without humidity. And if they have set stones or are important pieces, a professional check every 6 to 12 months helps to maintain the shine and the security of the setting.

Avoid chemical or abrasive products

Abrasive products and certain “home methods” can scratch metals, affect finishes and damage sensitive gemstones. It is also a mistake to apply generic cleaning methods without considering the material, as not all stones tolerate the same treatment.

Prolonged exposure to water, chlorine or salt is another of the most common causes of loss of shine and wear, especially if it is repeated frequently.

Store your jewellery properly

Storing a piece of jewellery properly is an essential part of daily care. It is advisable to keep each piece separate to avoid rubbing and tangling.

A dry, well-protected space, such as an anti-tarnish bag or cloth, helps to preserve the shine and reduces darkening, especially on silver. Whenever possible, use fabric-lined cases or individual compartments, which bring order and real protection against knocks and friction.

Identify when it is best to turn to a specialist.

There are situations in which it is preferable not to handle the piece of jewellery at home. If a stone is loose, the clasp does not work properly, the piece has taken a knock or it is an especially delicate piece, it is most advisable to entrust its care to a jewellery specialist.

At our jewellery shop in Gibraltar, The Red House, we advise you on choosing your ideal piece of jewellery, the care needed for its proper preservation.

Below, at The Red House, as a leading jeweller in Gibraltar, we explain a cleaning method for diamond rings, with clear guidance on what to do and what to avoid.

Recommended materials for safe cleaning

To clean the ring at home, it is advisable to use warm water, a mild soap (without harsh ingredients), a small container, a very soft-bristled brush and a clean microfibre cloth for drying.

This method is suitable for many everyday pieces of jewellery, such as necklaces or earrings, provided they do not include delicate materials

Before you start, it is advisable to check that the stone is not loose. If you notice movement, it is better to not handle the ring and go for a professional cleaning to avoid risks.

Method for cleaning a diamond ring

Prepare a solution with warm water and a few drops of mild soap. The water should not be hot, a lukewarm temperature is enough to soften residue without subjecting the metal to unnecessary thermal changes.

Place the diamond ring in the container and leave it to soak for five to ten minutes. This step makes it easier to remove dirt from hard-to-reach areas.

After soaking, clean it with the soft-bristled brush, using gentle movements and without pressing. It is advisable to focus on the underside of the diamond and the spaces around the setting, where the greatest amount of residue usually builds up. If the diamond ring has openwork areas or details, the cleaning should be slow and controlled, avoiding forcing the brush into angles where it could catch.

Next, rinse it with clean warm water to remove all the soap. Rinsing should be done carefully so that the water also reaches the inside of the mount.

To finish, dry it with a microfibre cloth by dabbing, without rubbing hard. If you wish, you can leave the ring for a few minutes on a clean surface to finish drying before putting it away.

What is not recommended for cleaning a diamond ring

It is not recommended to use bleach, chlorine, acetone or multi-purpose cleaners to clean diamond rings. These products can damage the finish of the metal, whether diamond, gold, or platinum, and affect elements of the setting. It is also not advisable to use toothpaste, bicarbonate of soda, abrasive powders or hard brushes; the main problem is not the diamond, but the metal and the polish of the mount, which can become marked or lose shine over time.

Recommended cleaning frequency

If the ring is worn daily, a gentle periodic clean is usually enough to maintain its appearance. The exact frequency depends on contact with creams, make-up and daily activities.

Recommendations to keep the ring clean for longer

To reduce the build-up of residue, it is better to remove the diamond ring before applying cream, perfume or make-up. It is also advisable to avoid wearing it during household tasks, sport or handling cleaning products. When storing it, it is advisable to keep it separate from other jewellery to avoid rubbing.

When to opt for professional cleaning

It is better to go to a jeweller when the diamond ring has persistent dirt, when the design makes access to certain areas difficult, when there are several small stones, or when there are doubts about the firmness of the setting. A professional cleaning makes it possible to remove residue using suitable techniques and, at the same time, check the security of the mount.

If you need advice on luxury jewellery, you can visit our jewellery shop in Gibraltar, where our jewellers will be delighted to help you.

In practice, it lets you check that additional reference without calculations in your head and with an important advantage, the information is presented in 24-hour format, which makes it easier to identify whether, in that location, it is daytime or night-time.

The term “GMT” comes from Greenwich Mean Time, historically associated with the Greenwich meridian. In watchmaking, “GMT” is used as the usual name for this type of watch function, that is, the ability to show a second time zone, although the modern time-reference standard is UTC.

Visit our collection of Tudor Black Bay GMT watches

Origin of GMT watches

The GMT function developed from the need to synchronise times between regions, a challenge that gained relevance with international time standardisation and the use of Greenwich as a reference. Its consolidation came in the 20th century with long-haul aviation, crews and operators had to work with a stable reference time for planning and communications, without losing the local time at the destination.

That requirement favoured readability solutions, especially the 24-hour indication to avoid misinterpretations. By tradition and widespread use, “GMT” is still today the usual name for one of the most sought-after functions, due to its practical usefulness and clear reading.

Elements that make up a GMT

Local time is shown by the hour hand and the minute hand. The distinctive feature is an additional hand, the GMT hand, which is often differentiated by design or colour. This hand is read against a 24-hour scale, placed on an inner ring of the dial or on the bezel, depending on each model’s layout.

Function of a GMT watch

The GMT hand is calibrated to complete one full rotation every 24 hours, while the conventional hour hand completes two rotations a day. This difference makes it possible to read the second time zone on a 0–24 scale and remove the typical ambiguity of the 12-hour format. If the GMT hand points to “6”, it indicates 06:00; if it points to “18”, it indicates 18:00. The result is an immediate check of the second time zone, especially useful when there is a large time difference or when you need to confirm precisely the time of day in another location.

There are two common architectures, with implications for use. In so-called traveller GMTs (also known as flyer), the local hour hand is adjusted in one-hour jumps without stopping the watch, the GMT hand remains fixed as “home time”, and the date usually changes coherently when crossing midnight.

In office GMTs (caller), what is adjusted independently is usually the GMT hand, and the main time remains as the reference. For frequent travel, the first system is usually more convenient, for remote tracking from a single city, the second may be sufficient.

This type of watch is aimed, above all, at people who need to control times operationally: frequent travellers, executives and international profiles, aviation and navigation professionals, logistics and transport, diplomatic staff, distributed teams and anyone who works with clients or markets in other time zones. It is also common among users who, without a professional obligation, want a useful and legible complication.

In terms of specific uses, a GMT allows you to organise calls and meetings without calculations, keep track of your home country’s time while travelling, coordinate shifts with teams on other continents, monitor market closes or operating windows, and avoid errors with time differences and date changes. If the model allows a third time zone via the bezel, an additional “reference time” can be added (for example, a key office or UTC) to simplify planning even further.

At The Red House we are official retailers of luxury Swiss watches, you can visit our GMT watch collection to find your ideal watch.

In practical terms, its hardness helps the surface retain its polish and lustre over time, and its crystalline structure, reduces the likelihood that the stone will split “cleanly” from a blow, something especially relevant in high jewellery pieces intended to be worn frequently.

The red colour, for its part, is not a “mysterious” or variable attribute, but the result of a chemical process, within the corundum crystal, small amounts of chromium replace some of the aluminium in the crystal lattice. That substitution changes how the mineral absorbs and transmits light, producing the characteristic red hue.

Understanding what a ruby is means knowing its composition, its geological formation, the quality criteria, and the treatments usually applied for its proper care.

What a ruby is and how it is defined

Ruby is the name given to the red variety of corundum, whose composition is aluminium oxide (Al₂O₃). The element that causes the red colour is chromium present in trace amounts. When corundum presents other colours, it is marketed as sapphire. In practice, the line between “ruby” and “pink sapphire” can vary depending on laboratory and market criteria, so, for valuable gems, it is advisable to support the designation with gemmological documentation.

Gemmological properties relevant in jewellery

Corundum has hardness 9 on the Mohs scale, which contributes to its resistance to scratching and favours its use in frequently worn pieces. In addition, it is a gemstone with good toughness, that is, with a relatively high capacity to withstand impacts without fracturing easily.

Added to this is that it does not exhibit marked cleavage, unlike other minerals that have internal “planes of weakness” along which they tend to split cleanly if struck, corundum does not break along a preferred plane. In practice, this means that, in the event of an impact, it is unlikely that the ruby will open up into a neat and complete break along an internal plane, which is an advantage in jewellery.

In natural rubies inclusions are common, which are small internal features formed during the growth of the gem. Some, such as so-called “silk” (very fine needles), can reduce transparency. In certain cases, if those inclusions are oriented in a regular pattern, they produce asterism, the “star” effect, which is best seen in cabochon cuts.

In addition, inclusions are not always a drawback, as they also help confirm the ruby’s natural origin and identify possible treatments. 

Formation and common provenances of rubies

Rubies form in primary deposits (in the host rock) and secondary (alluvial) deposits, where erosion releases the crystals and concentrates them in gravels, which facilitates extraction. Geologically, two main environments stand out: rubies associated with marbles, which tend to have less iron and may show a more pronounced red fluorescence, and rubies related to basaltic, which tend to incorporate more iron, which can darken the tone and reduce fluorescence. Between the two there is an intermediate group common in today’s market, associated with amphibolite-type rocks.

These differences influence the type of inclusions and the composition of the ruby. Therefore, when origin matters for value, laboratories combine microscopic observation with trace-element analysis to support the determination of provenance and provide a more reliable diagnosis.

How the quality of a ruby is evaluated

In coloured gemstones, the main quality factor is usually colour. The combination of hue, tone and saturation. A ruby that is too dark can lose apparent brightness; one that is too light can appear closer to a pink sapphire. The assessment is preferably carried out by viewing the stone “face-up” under controlled lighting, as the environment can alter the reading of red.

In this context the term “pigeon’s blood” is sometimes used to describe a specific range of red. It is not a universal category and may be applied with different criteria depending on the market or the issuing body.

Therefore, in high jewellery pieces it is worth considering it a commercial descriptor which, if used, should be backed by technical criteria and, where appropriate, gemmological documentation.

The clarity is assessed by the quantity, the type and the position of inclusions, bearing in mind that completely “clean” rubies are uncommon in relevant sizes. The cutting influences the light return, the colour uniformity and the appearance of brilliance. In ruby, it is often prioritised to retain weight and chromatic quality over ideal proportions, especially in fine material. The size is also decisive, all else being equal, the value tends to increase with size, because large, high-quality rubies are scarce.

Uses of ruby in jewellery and watchmaking

In jewellery, ruby is used in rings, earrings, pendants and bracelets. Its characteristics make it perfect for frequently worn pieces, provided the design adequately protects the vulnerable areas of the cut. In shapes with points or sharp corners, a setting that covers or shields those areas reduces the risk of damage.

In mechanical watchmaking, the term “ruby” also appears in a technical sense. Many movements incorporate “jewels” which are usually synthetic rubies or sapphires used as bearings to reduce friction and wear at specific points. In this case they are not decorative gems, but functional components made with precision.

Care and maintenance of ruby

In rubies without treatments that affect fractures, reasonable cleaning consists of warm water, mild soap and a soft brush, with thorough rinsing and drying with a non-abrasive cloth. If the stone has fillings or treatments that modify fractures, it is advisable to avoid ultrasonic cleaning, steam and exposure to workshop heat, as these can compromise the stability of the filling material or worsen fissures.

When the treatment is unknown, it is preferable to have a professional check before any intervention, such as cut adjustments, repairs or work on the setting.

In storage, it is advisable to keep the piece separate from other items. Although ruby is hard, it can scratch softer gems, and in turn it can suffer micro-damage if it rubs against diamonds or other very hard materials.

Meanings of ruby as a precious stone

Ruby has historically been considered a stone associated with the idea of value and prestige, partly because of its scarcity in fine qualities and the difficulty of obtaining large specimens with good colour.

In many cultural traditions it has been linked to power and social standing, which explains its recurring presence in ceremonial jewellery, ornaments of the court and pieces intended to represent status.

On a symbolic level, ruby has been associated with concepts such as vitality and strength, an association consistent with its characteristic colour and its use in jewellery as a centre stone.

Its role as July’s birthstone in extended lists in contemporary jewellery is also relevant, which has consolidated its presence in pieces associated with personal celebrations and anniversaries.

High jewellery selection at The Red House

At The Red House, an established luxury jewellery brand in Gibraltar, we select rubies and jewellery pieces prioritising verifiable gemmological characteristics and a presentation consistent with the standards of a luxury jeweller.

If you would like guidance on which ruby jewellery piece to choose, the team at The Red House can advise you on anything you need.

Among the most recognised are the tourbillon, the perpetual calendar, the minute repeater, the chronograph, the dual time zone (GMT), the power reserve and the moon phases, fundamental pillars of contemporary watchmaking art.

Tourbillon

The tourbillon was conceived by Abraham-Louis Breguet in 1795 to counteract the effect of gravity on the balance wheel and the escapement, the organs that regulate the rhythm of the watch. Its principle consists of mounting both elements inside a rotating cage, generally turning once per minute. This compensates for the positional variations of the watch and improves rate stability.

The execution of a tourbillon requires maximum precision, each component measures barely a few millimetres and its weight may be less than one gram. Today, beyond its technical function, it is considered a display of virtuosity, visible through the dial or on the back of the movement, where its hypnotic rotation demonstrates the artisanal level achieved by Swiss haute horlogerie.

Perpetual Calendar

The perpetual calendar is one of the most complex complications that a watch can contain. Its system is designed to show the correct date taking into account the different months of the year and leap years, without the need for corrections for decades. This is achieved through a set of programmed cams and wheels that mechanically reproduce the Gregorian calendar.

The precision of the mechanism allows differentiation between months of 30 and 31 days and automatically jumps from 28 February to 1 March in non-leap years. Only in 2100, when the calendar will experience a historical exception, will a manual adjustment be necessary. Due to its complexity and the number of components involved, the perpetual calendar is usually found only in limited production watches, assembled by the most experienced masters.

Minute Repeater

The minute repeater is one of the most spectacular complications in traditional watchmaking. It allows the time to be known through sound; a system of hammers and gongs inside strikes different notes to indicate the hours, quarters and minutes. When the side slide is activated, the mechanism triggers a perfectly synchronised sound sequence corresponding to the time shown on the dial.

The adjustment of a minute repeater requires meticulous work. The purity of tone, the duration of sound and the resonance of the case depend on the quality of the steel, the thickness of the gongs and the internal space available. Each piece is unique because the tuning is done by hand, which makes this complication an example of acoustic precision and mechanical art.

Chronograph

The chronograph measures time intervals independent of the main function of the watch. Through one or more pushers, it is possible to start, stop and reset a central hand that travels across the dial. It is a complication widely used in sports watches, aviation or technical use, where accuracy in time measurement is essential.

High-end chronographs incorporate systems such as the flyback, which allows timing to restart with a single touch, or the rattrapante, which uses a double hand to record split times.

The coordination between clutches, columns and springs requires extremely precise assembly. For its practical usefulness and balance between engineering and design, the chronograph remains one of the most popular complications in modern watchmaking.

Dual Time Zone (GMT)

The GMT complication —acronym for Greenwich Mean Time— shows simultaneously the time in two different time zones. Its development responded to the needs of travellers and pilots during the expansion of aviation in the 20th century. The system uses an additional hand that completes one rotation every 24 hours, together with a bezel or secondary scale indicating the second time zone.

In watches with dual time zone, the mechanism must keep both references perfectly synchronised. The most advanced models allow the local hand to be adjusted without stopping the main movement, something essential to maintain accuracy. It is a practical and reliable complication, adopted both by exploration watches and by pieces of classic style.

Power Reserve

The power reserve indicator informs about the energy available in the mainspring, showing how long the watch can operate before stopping. This reading is made through a hand or indicator that moves forward or backward as the spring winds or unwinds.

Its function is especially useful in manual-winding watches, where the user must wind periodically to maintain accuracy. In automatic movements it also provides information about the rotor’s winding level. Beyond its usefulness, the power reserve provides visual balance to the dial design and allows one to know the state of the movement’s winding at all times.

Moon Phases

The moon phase complication reproduces the cycle of the Earth’s satellite over its 29 days, 12 hours and 44 minutes. The mechanism uses a disc decorated with two moons that advances one tooth every 24 hours, reflecting the different stages of the cycle: new, waxing, full and waning.

In high-end watches, the system is calculated with such accuracy that the total deviation can take more than a century to accumulate a single day of error. In addition to its technical complexity, its aesthetic value is unquestionable; many manufactures decorate the disc with enamel, mother-of-pearl or gold dust to enhance its appearance. For its balance between technique and poetry, it remains one of the most representative complications of artistic watchmaking.

Swiss watchmaking in Gibraltar

If you are looking for a place to acquire Swiss watches in Gibraltar, you can visit The Red House, at Main Street 68-70. We are official distributors of Rolex and Tudor and offer personalised attention that will allow you to find the perfect watch within a specialised and trustworthy environment.

This gem from the corundum family has captivated humanity for centuries, adorning everything from royal crowns to modern engagement rings.

What is a sapphire?

The sapphire is a precious stone that belongs to the corundum family, a mineral composed of aluminium oxide (Al₂O₃). It is a gemstone of great hardness, with a value of 9 on the Mohs scale, making it perfect for use in fine jewellery.

Although blue is the colour most associated with sapphire, this precious stone can appear in a wide variety of hues. The colour variations are due to small amounts of other elements such as iron and titanium, which modify the tone of the mineral. There are pink, yellow, green, orange, white, and black sapphires, all belonging to the same mineral family.

The term sapphire comes from the Latin “sapphirus”, derived from the Greek “sáppheiros” and the Hebrew “sappir”, meaning “clean” or “brilliant”. It shares its origin with the ruby, as both are varieties of corundum: when the mineral takes on a red colour, it is classified as ruby; in all other tones, it is known as sapphire.

Physical properties of sapphires

Among the physical properties of sapphire, its hardness stands out — reaching the value 9 on the Mohs scale, surpassed only by diamond. This feature gives it great resistance to scratches and wear, which is why it is frequently used in rings, watches, and other exclusive pieces.

Regarding its optical behaviour, it has a refractive index ranging between 1.759 and 1.779, creating a clean and sharp brilliance that enhances the purity of its colour. High-quality sapphires show great transparency and light dispersion that intensifies their colour without the need for additional treatments.

Where in the world are sapphires mined?

The main sapphire deposits are distributed across various regions of the world, each with its own characteristics influencing the colour and purity of the gem. Kashmir, in northern India, is known for having produced some of the most highly prized specimens, recognisable by their velvety blue tone and rarity, as the mines have been largely inactive for decades. In Myanmar, sapphires of deep blue, with high saturation and clarity, are found, while Sri Lanka — historically called Ceylon — is famous for lighter-toned specimens, often with a violet hue. Madagascar has become one of the most important producers today, both in volume and quality.

There are also significant deposits in Thailand and Australia, where darker sapphires predominate, as well as in regions such as Tanzania, Kenya, Brazil, and Malawi, which add colour diversity to these precious stones.

The diversity of sapphire colours

The colour of a sapphire is one of the most influential aspects of its rarity and value. Blue remains the most recognised and appreciated variety, with tones ranging from light blue to intense blue. Among all, the cornflower-blue sapphire from Kashmir is the most sought-after for its velvety appearance, caused by tiny rutile inclusions that evenly scatter light.

Among the rarest varieties is the padparadscha sapphire, a unique gem with pinkish and orange hues that form a very uncommon balance in nature. Its name derives from the Sanskrit term “padmaraga”, referring to the colour of the lotus flower. The specimens extracted in Sri Lanka are especially valued for the purity and brightness of their tones.

Long earrings with sapphires

In addition to these varieties, there are the so-called fancy sapphires, a term that encompasses all non-blue versions of this stone. Among these are pink sapphires — coloured by traces of chromium —, yellow sapphires — due to iron in their structure —, or green sapphires, caused by the simultaneous presence of iron and chromium, resulting in a uniform tone throughout the stone. There are also purple sapphires, ranging from lavender to violet, black sapphires, recognisable by their opaque appearance and subtle sheen, and white sapphires, completely colourless, valued for their transparency and the clean way they allow light to pass through.

Within these precious stones is the star sapphire, a variety that displays an optical phenomenon known as asterism. When exposed to direct light, it shows a six-pointed star that appears to move across its surface. This effect is due to tiny needle-shaped rutile inclusions. The phenomenon is extremely rare, and some specimens from northern Thailand even present a golden-toned star. The most famous example is the Star of India, a dark blue sapphire of 563.35 carats with visible asterism on both sides, currently exhibited at the American Museum of Natural History in New York.

White gold ring with diamonds and blue sapphires

Some of the most famous sapphires in history

Several sapphires have earned a prominent place in history, whether for their size, origin, or exclusivity. Among them, the most famous is Princess Diana’s engagement ring, a piece with an 18-carat blue sapphire surrounded by diamonds. The jewel passed to Kate Middleton after her engagement to Prince William, becoming one of the most recognisable sapphires in the world.

In the British Royal Family, other notable pieces also stand out, such as Queen Victoria’s sapphire and diamond tiara, or the Prince Albert brooch, one of Queen Elizabeth II’s favourites.

Outside the monarchy, there are equally famous examples, such as the Bismarck sapphire necklace, designed by Cartier in 1935, featuring a 98.6-carat cornflower-blue sapphire from Sri Lanka, accompanied by 312 diamonds and nine additional sapphires. Another notable example is the Star of Bombay, a 182-carat star sapphire that actor Douglas Fairbanks gifted to his wife Mary Pickford.

Among historical jewels is also the Stuart Sapphire, weighing 104 carats, integrated into the British Crown Jewels and placed at the back of the Imperial State Crown.

Sapphire jewellery in Gibraltar

If you are looking for a place to acquire jewellery pieces adorned with sapphires in Gibraltar, at The Red House you will find a selection of exclusive pieces designed with high-quality sapphires in different tones, so you can find that essential piece for your jewellery box.

Rose gold rings with pink sapphires

Floral ring with sapphires and emeralds

The human and handcrafted side of a mechanical watch

For someone who has spent an entire life surrounded by watches, the true value of a mechanical watch is not found in its materials or the precious stones that adorn it, but in the hands that made it possible. Behind each calibre is a watchmaker who spent hours adjusting tiny, almost invisible parts, with a precision that allows no mistakes. That work is not improvised; it is learned with patience, perfected over time, and passed down as a silent legacy.

Each wheel, spring, and small component is designed to coexist in harmony inside a case where everything happens as planned. There is no electricity, no circuits, only energy turned into movement. That is the magic, that such a small object can measure the passage of time thanks to the skill and passion of those who build it.

In a mechanical watch, one can feel the trace of entire generations of master watchmakers.

The personal and emotional meaning of a mechanical piece

A mechanical watch holds much more than the passing of seconds; it represents a relationship with time that few stop to contemplate anymore. It may have been a gift from a father, a reward after years of effort, or the memory of an important stage.

For many, such a watch becomes an extension of their personal story. It accompanies life stages, keeps important moments, and ends up inheriting the value of the person who wore it. That is why when it passes from one generation to another, it is not just an object that is handed over, but a memory. A watch may stop for a moment, but it never stops meaning—its value is not counted in numbers, but in memories.

The ability of mechanical watches to last decades

The essence of mechanical watches lies in their vocation for permanence. Their architecture—wheels, bridges, springs, and the beat of the balance wheel—is conceived to work for decades, with periodic maintenance and expert hands ensuring their precision.

Periodic servicing is like a small pact with time, a cleaning, lubrication, and meticulous adjustment that restores freshness to the movement. That care turns the watch into a lifelong companion and, over time, a family memory.

The idea of creating something that lasts is about crafting with patience, thinking of the heir, and leaving a mark. That is why so many watch pieces cross generations—because they were made to endure and because someone decided to safeguard them.

The passion for mechanics in a world of smart and precise watches

In a world obsessed with speed and precision, loving mechanical watches may seem almost out of place. And yet, that is precisely what makes them special. When everything becomes digital, their value lies not in competing with technology, but in understanding everything behind a piece that only requires care to ensure it continues to last over the years.

When you buy a mechanical or automatic watch, it can represent a small act of rebellion. It does not depend on a battery or wait for an update. It moves because someone designed it to do so, with patience and skill. No rush, no noise, just a steady beat that reminds us that time is not meant to be chased, but to be lived.

People who love these watches aren’t chasing perfect accuracy. What draws them in is the feeling, the link to craftsmanship, to time itself, to something that still moves because a person once made it so. Surrounded by screens and alerts, a mechanical watch reminds us that not everything needs to glow to feel alive.

The Red House, the watchmaking tradition of Gibraltar

Since its foundation in 1897 by William Serfaty, The Red House has embodied the same spirit that gives meaning to mechanical watches, respect for precision, the constant pursuit of quality, and trust in well-crafted work. It was born as a distributor and service centre for mechanical products, with the purpose of bringing the best engineering and most useful technology to Gibraltar, always under a simple and firm idea, quality above all.

That philosophy remains intact more than a century later. Since 1937, the firm has served as an official distributor and service centre for Rolex, adapting its working methods and facilities without ever abandoning the essence with which it began: to care for each piece as if it were unique.

The name The Red House represents that history—a place where time is preserved, repaired, and respected, a space that has turned craftsmanship into legacy and service into tradition.

Among them stands out The Red House, founded in 1897, a boutique specialising in Swiss jewellery and watchmaking that has maintained its activity uninterrupted for more than a century.

What is Gibraltar Main Street?

Main Street is the most representative shopping street in Gibraltar and one of the most visited spots by residents and tourists alike. Its layout crosses the old town from north to south, linking Casemates Square at the northern end with the historic Southport Gates to the south. Along its route, the main shops are concentrated, including boutiques, jewellers, watch shops, perfumeries and family-run businesses that have been passed down from generation to generation.

The charm of Main Street also lies in its character, with facades that preserve the style of Gibraltarian architecture, where British, Andalusian, Genoese and Portuguese influences coexist.

The Red House in the centre of Main Street

Located in the centre of Main Street, it is one of the most established jewellery and watchmaking houses in Gibraltar. Since 1897, its history has been marked by the pursuit of the highest quality and attention to detail. A benchmark in Swiss watchmaking and artisanal jewellery, with the same level of demand in every piece that leaves its workshop.

Swiss Watchmaking on Gibraltar’s Main Street

From the very beginning, The Red House has been closely linked to the world of watchmaking. Its relationship with leading Swiss manufacturers began decades ago and today continues as an official distributor of Rolex and Tudor in Gibraltar. The partnership endures because both share the same philosophy, care for every detail, maintain quality and do things properly.

Every watch available in the boutique comes with certificates of authenticity and international warranties, backed by a specialised technical team trained directly by the brands. In addition to sales, The Red House offers maintenance, adjustment and servicing, ensuring that each piece preserves its performance and value over time.

At The Red House, those who come looking for a watch find something more — the warmth of personal attention and the assurance of expert advice. Every customer is attended by professionals who know the collections in depth and help them find the model that best suits what they are looking for.

Your jewellery shop in Gibraltar

The Red House also has extensive experience in jewellery, based on artisanal expertise and on carefully selecting metals and precious stones to create its pieces. Recognised among the leading Gibraltar jewellers, the boutique’s creations predominantly features 18-carat gold in its yellow, white, rose and white and yellow tones, as well as platinum, metals chosen for their quality and beauty.

Jewellery creation brings together the development of in-house collections and collaborative work with clients to meet special commissions. The rings, necklaces, earrings, bracelets and pendants that are part of The Red Collection reflect the care and personality with which each piece is crafted, combining the tradition of the craft with contemporary manufacturing techniques.

The Red House operates as a specialised workshop, where each piece is worked from start to finish with the precision demanded by the craft. The setting, polishing and finishing are carried out using refined techniques that ensure an impeccable result before reaching the display. That consistency has maintained the bond with those who trust the house, both within and beyond Gibraltar.

Find your trusted jewellery and watch shop at 68–70 Main Street, Gibraltar

If you are looking for a place to find jewellery pieces made with the highest-quality materials or to acquire your new watch in Gibraltar, at 68–70 Main Street you will find a space offering personalised attention so that you can discover the piece that best suits what you were looking for.